Biological Activities and Analytical Methods for Detecting Aucubin and Catalpol Iridoid Glycosides in Plantago Species: A Review Study

Background: Plantago species contain aucubin and catalpol iridoid glycosides used in traditional medicine for many purposes. Objectives: To accelerate the utilization of species, research should be focused on introducing advanced purification detection methods. In this regard, therapeutic activities compounds are mentioned to confirm their effectiveness medicinal uses. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted using keywords “Aucubin Catalpol + Plantago” public domains Google scholar. Results: The patterns exhibited a significant correlation with morphological other chemical specifications representatives genus Plantago. Commonly, detected gas chromatography, liquid thin-layer high-performance chromatography (HPLC), (HPTLC), capillary electrophoresis techniques. most common methods HPLC HPTLC. Aucubin active possessing biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, osteoprotective, neuroprotective properties. Conclusion: This review article comprehensively summarizes cytotoxic species. results suggest that metabolites may benefit human health beyond